Guide: What is the Difference Between Routers and Switches?
- Dillon Diatlo
- Feb 17
- 3 min read
Updated: Mar 20
Routers, Switches, and Wireless Access Points (WAPs) in Enterprise IT Networks in New Jersey
Table of Contents
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Intro: Guide to Routers and Switches
In the ever-evolving world of enterprise IT networking, being able to comprehend the core components of connectivity and communication is paramount. Often deployed together to create a seamless enterprise IT network solution, in this guide to routers and switches we will explore how both pieces of hardware perform two distinctly different roles.
Switches work at Layer 2 (The Data Link Layer) helping to direct data within a Local Network (LAN) get to the correct device using each device’s unique hardware ID known as Media Access Control (MAC) addresses
Routers work at Layer 3 (The Network Layer) helping your organizations LAN connect with LANs outside of your organization and around the internet by using unique LAN IDs known as Internet Protocol (IP) addresses
Routers and Switches and Cloud Services
Cloud computing adds an extra layer of complexity. It requires routers and switches to collaborate to ensure data between LANs and cloud-based services stay fast and secure. For Information Technology Directors and System Admins in the world of education systems or government services in New Jersey, understanding these foundational components is essential in building robust, efficient networks that scale with the demands of your organization, while remaining safe.
Below is a quick guide to routers and switches.
Routers vs. Switches: A Quick Comparison Guide
Feature | Router | Switch |
Primary Function | Routes data between different networks. | Directs data within a single network. |
Layer | Layer 3 (Network Layer) | Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) |
Routing Decision | Uses IP addresses to determine path. | Uses a Media Access Control (MAC) addresses to forward frames. |
Network Size | Connects multiple networks (LANs, WANs). | Operates within a Local Area Network (LAN). |
Performance Impact | Can affect overall network latency. | High-speed data forwarding within LAN. |
Connection Type | Can connect to the internet or other networks. | Connects devices (PCs, printers, etc.) within a network. |
Usage Example | Connecting an office network to the internet. | Connecting computers in a local office or classroom. |
What About the Role of Wireless Access Points in IT Networks?
Wireless Access points (WAPs) are pieces of hardware that enable wireless devices (laptops, smartphones, etc) to connect to a wired network via Wi-Fi.
In most modern enterprise IT network environments—including K-12 educational institutions and government offices—access points are designed and integrated into network infrastructure, working with switches to ensure reliable, consistent data flow no matter where you are.
Think of it in these steps, starting with people at your company or organization:
Access points make sure employees or students can connect to your organization’s network via authorized devices, regardless of location.
Once on the network, switches can distribute data to individual devices within that network, helping your students, staff, and employees seamlessly collaborate and share information.
A router then takes your organization’s local IT network and gives it access to the entire internet––empowering your network users to safely connect with cloud service providers and LANs around the world.
IT Network Set Up Diagram and Guide
Now, how can you protect your data in the cloud? We encourage you to click on the hyperlink to learn more about proactive steps to ensure enterprise network security in the cloud.
Conclusion
In today’s world, when designing an enterprise IT network it is necessary to consider both wired and wireless components. While routers and switches are the backbone of an organization’s IT network, access points expand a network’s reach and empower educational systems and government agencies with reliable and secure coverage regardless of where you are.
Together, these components are the building blocks of enterprise connection, creating high-performance IT networks that support fixed and mobile devices in environments where seamless communication is critical.
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